Pools
Designing Pools With Passion – Joan Roca Master Pool Designer
After close to 50 years in the pool industry, Joan Roca is still making waves. We go one on one with Joan Roca, Master Pool Designer.

Pool Magazine is proud to present an exclusive interview with internationally acclaimed, award-winning pool designer Joan Roca of Joan Roca Master Pool Designs. For those unfamiliar with Roca’s work, he is a true artist in the world of luxury swimming pool design, with a passion for creating breathtaking, one-of-a-kind pools for his clients.
For Roca, building pools is more than just a job – it’s a true passion. From the moment he begins working with a new client, he is focused on bringing their dream pool to life, taking the time to carefully listen to their vision and incorporate their unique style and preferences into the design. It’s this dedication to excellence and attention to detail that has earned Roca a reputation as one of the premier pool designers in the industry.
In this special feature, we had the opportunity to sit down with Roca at the International Pool Spa Patio Expo and learn more about his approach to pool design, his favorite projects, and what sets him apart from the competition. Keep reading to get an inside look at the world of Joan Roca Master Pool Designs, and discover why this talented designer continues to make waves in the pool industry.

One-on-One Interview With Joan Roca
PM (Pool Magazine): How did you first get started in the pool industry?
JR (Joan Roca): “I am an industrial engineer. I graduated from the University of Costa Rica in the early eighties and I’ve been working in the swimming pool industry since 1975. Back then, I was a kid working along with my father. That’s when I really fell in love with the pool industry.”
“In 1982, was my first international pool experience, I really fell in love with that as well. It was more amazing than I thought it could be. Since then I started coming here every single year to all of the expos and even some of the regionals in Florida to expand my knowledge and learn more. When you come to the expos it’s a great opportunity to go to seminars. One way or another you always learn something. It was there that I had the luck of meeting the three founders of Genesis.”
“I did all the programs that they had. You know, if you are an engineer or a doctor or whatever and you wanted a master’s degree or PH degree, there are hundreds of universities in the world where you can go to get it. But if you’re a pool builder, there was really no place to study something like that. So they created a program called Genesis. I did the whole thing, and I became the highest category, which is the master pool designer.”
“That’s why I am a master pool designer. It’s not just a name that I came up with. Since then, I’ve been enjoying even more of what the profession has to offer. Since then, I’ve been designing with more confidence and more acknowledgment. So practically all my life I’ve been doing this and have been blessed with a lot of success.

PM: What was that you learned in the Genesis program that gave you the knowledge and the confidence to go out there and dominate?
JR: “Genesis gave me the ability, confidence and, technology to add to my passion and talent. If this was basketball – on your own, you can train and train and still never be like Michael Jordan. If you have the talent inside you to be a star, Genesis will bring that out of you.”
PM: What inspires your design process and how do you work with a client on helping them conceptualize their ideal outdoor living environment?
JR: “Well, the question is not easy because what inspires you? I was thinking about this question, and I think that what inspires me is the site. When you actually visit to the place as a designer, you are there, you see it, you feel it, you see the architecture of the house, of the buildings, whatever it is.
“It’s at that time that you see the view, the weather, how the sun is moving. Is it a cold place, a tropical place? How is the garden, the landscaping? This is where I get my inspiration and of course, knowing who is going to swim there. Is it going to be a family? Is it going to be a condominium? So it’s going to be a group of families, a multifamily place. When I am there, I’m imagining what the area will be and that is what inspires me to take my paper and pencil and start designing.”

PM: What we enjoy about your work is that really, no two pools are quite exactly alike. Can you explain your design philosophy?
JR: “Every pool is different because when I sit at my drawing table to design a pool, I start from scratch. I sit there and I say, okay, we have the images of the property, the survey and all the notes that I wrote when I interviewed my customers.”
“I start by making a shape that conforms to all that information. Taking all that information and translating that into a drawing. When I show it to my customers, most of the time, they say, ‘Wow!’ and we may make a few revisions or small changes. But always my first original drawing is usually a wow because it’s a response of all the information that I got from my customers. I don’t know if that is a philosophy, but all I do is listen to my customers and make sure I’m designing what they wanted, not the way I want it. I’m adding my point of view, but the way that they want it. Maybe that’s just me being altruistic.”

PM: You’ve been in the pool industry since 1975. What’s changed about building pools since you first started?
JR: “When I started building pools, I remember that my father used to do everything in one and a half inch. One skimmer, one main drain, one and a half inch, one pump.”
“In that time, everything was very simple. I think that mainly what has changed the most is technology. Now we have pumps that are so quiet, you don’t even know they are there. Technology changes a lot and maybe some tendencies. Like in the past, people used to have very deep pools. People these days understand that they don’t need an 8-foot deep pool with a diving board. This is one thing that might have changed substantially. Now, in the majority of my pools, are designed with an overflow or vanishing edge. The decks used to be more with some kind of mix of aggregate and cement and things like that. Now they are using much more natural stone.”
PM: What’s hot and trending in your local market of Jacksonville right now?
JR: “Well, it is one of the 20 cities I read about in an article before I came to Jacksonville. Jacksonville was rated one of the 20 better cities to live in the world. Now that I live here, I can tell you first-hand that the quality of life there is high. Most of the people, when they want a pool, they don’t just want something average. They want something nice like a showpiece for their backyard. They figure, if they can pay a designer to have a custom pool, why not do it if they have the money”
PM: What are they putting in these pools that make them like such a focal piece of the backyard?
JR: “For example, a perimeter overflow that probably carries an extra pump, an extra filter, and maybe has a surge compensation tank. Talking about and all the gutters that you have to do underneath the deck, that’s probably another $30,000-$40,000 more than an average pool just to have that feature.”
“I had a project in Costa Rica where the customer paid $1.5 million. People said, what? You did $1.5 million pool in one house? Well, we built two pools, one indoor pool, and one outdoor pool. The outdoor pool has a waterfall, a spa, an infinity edge, and a spa. The interior pool has lots of details that make the project more expensive too. You add three or four fire bowls, and because you have those kind of water features, the pool gets more expensive.”

PM: You’re doing projects all over the world. What’s that process like for you and how do you manage that kind of remote work?
JR: “Well, it’s not the same, because as I told you before, my first inspiration is going to the site. What I do in those cases is ask the customer or somebody there to take photos of the property, make videos, and try to get as much of that feeling of being there, as possible.”
“It’s not quite the same. Even if you understand the situation when you see a video and you know what is on the right side and left side, what trees you have there, and the view, it’s still not the same as being there, but it does the job.”
“During the height of the pandemic for example, I was at my property that I have in Costa Rica which is about 200 acres. I got a call from a customer in Toronto. They bought a property in Panama, and they were looking for a designer on the Genesis website. They saw that I was from that area so they hired me. I think that was one of the first ones I did remotely.”
“I told the customer, I’ve never done this before without visiting the job site, but let’s try it. Well, it’s been a success, but I still felt it could have been better if I really knew the place and had been there. But I think that it’s just where we were at the time, you couldn’t really travel.
PM: Were they happy with the design you did for them?
JR: “I mean, they were happy, and I’m happy, but what happened is that I went to the place right after the pandemic finished. When I got there I start understanding things that I never understood just from the pictures and the videos.”
PM: What do you foresee the next couple of years looking like for our industry?
JR: “Well, the whole industry has always been up and down other than in 2008. It’s my gut feeling that things are going to be okay. What could be affecting things with economy right now is the situation with Russia and their war in the Ukraine, for example. In Jacksonville, there are a couple of customers that I designed a really nice pool for, people unrelated to each other and they decided to the pool builder, to wait until they see what happens there. I think that this “wait and see” way of thinking could be happening with more and more people.”
“They may be thinking ‘We’re ready to make that investment, but let’s see what happened there first’. But besides that war, I don’t think the pandemic is going to really affect things in our industry going up or down. That has been more or less established.”

PM: When you look back at the few decades and your own body of work, what are some of your favorite projects?
“I have maybe two pools that I like more. And why do I like them more? I don’t know why. Why do some people think Sofia Loren is more beautiful than Rachel Welch? What I’m saying is that it’s very personal. Both are beautiful, both are the greatest.”
“I have a pool that I did just for me back in 2000 and I think it’s one of the best swimming pools in the world. But maybe that’s because I get to enjoy it. All the pools that I did for other people are really nice but I don’t enjoy them as much because I don’t use them. Now my pool in Costa Rica, it’s an amazing oasis. For some reason, that place, the pool, the surrounding, the view, the mountains, the house, the rocks, it’s very special.”
“I also built a pool in Panama for a really rich family in a remote place, a pool that was surrounded by mountains. Beautiful. I really love that project. It was one of the pools that they show on the front cover of magazines. But yeah, those are the ones that personally resonate.”
PM: What is some advice that you would impart on professionals that are looking to design and build the way you do?
JR: “The first thing that came to my mind is dedication and integrity in their work. Whatever you do, even if you are a shoemaker, soccer player, teacher, do it with dedication. If you put dedication into your work, the first 50% is done.”
“And then, integrity – in the full concept of the word. Do it well, with the right skills, and make it with passion and respect. Apply all your knowledge, technology, and abilities in each and every design that you do. Above all, pay attention to your customer.”
About Joan Roca Master Pool Designs
Joan Roca (Barcelona 1958) emigrated to Costa Rica in 1973 and began his career in the swimming pool industry in 1975. A member of the Association of Pool & Spa Professionals (APSP) since 1982. He graduated as an Industrial Engineer in 1984. Certified in 1986 by the National Swimming Pool Foundation (NSPF) first as Certified Pool Operator and then in 1988 Certified Pool Instructor.
In the following years he continued his studies through educational programs and more than 200 high-level seminars, and in 2005 he was certified as a Certified Building Professional by the APSP and graduated Master Professional.
Watershape Designer SWD at Genesis University, creating his recognized swimming pool design and construction company under the seal of JOAN ROCA MASTER POOL DESIGNER
Three times awarded Master of Design by Pool & Spa News: 2008, 2014 & 2018. Over the years his work has been recognized and awarded internationally 19 times. Several publishers around the world have admired his creativity publishing his work in books in 7 languages and has been on the front cover of 16 prestigious magazines in the USA: Luxury Pools, Aquamagazine, WaterShapes, Pool & Spa News.
In 2013 he obtained a Master’s degree at INCAE Business School moving his head office to Panama until 2020 to attend Latin America. In 2021 he moved to Jacksonville, Florida, expanding his work worldwide.
The excellent work of his firm has contributed to raising the quality of the swimming pool industry to the highest level.
Joan Roca, with 47 years of experience and more than 1,000 swimming pools under his belt, residential and commercial, fountains, reflecting pools and water gardens, in design and construction, turns outdoor space into a work of art, combining natural and avant-garde elements with the latest technologies.
Listen to our entire interview with Joan Roca at the International Pool Spa Patio Expo in Las Vegas on the Pool Magazine podcast.
Pools
The Hidden Savings of Off-Season Pool Remodeling

For many homeowners, pool remodeling is something that’s easy to put off during the summer.
The plaster may be stained, the coping may have seen better days, or the equipment might be running longer and louder than it used to. But when temperatures are high and the family is using the pool every weekend, shutting everything down to address those problems isn’t particularly appealing.
Then summer finally ends.
According to Jeff Moore of Precision Pool Restoration, a pool remodeling and renovation company serving major Texas markets including Houston, Austin, Dallas and San Antonio, that’s when the conversation changes.
“It’s like a light switch that turns on,” Moore said. “After Labor Day, the phones start lighting up.”
There’s a practical reason behind that seasonal shift. Once the busiest part of swim season is over, homeowners finally have an opportunity to address problems they’ve been living with for months — without sacrificing the time of year when they use their pool the most.
“You tolerate the rough spots all summer because you’re using the pool,” Moore explained. “Then the season winds down, you take an honest look, and September becomes the ‘Okay, we have to do this’ moment.”
For homeowners already considering a pool renovation, fall may be one of the best opportunities to get started.
Homeowners Are Reinvesting in the Pools They Already Own
The pool remodeling market has changed considerably in recent years. With new pool construction substantially more expensive than it once was, homeowners with an existing swimming pool are increasingly choosing to reinvest in what they already have.
Rather than starting over, they’re putting money back into their existing backyard — updating the appearance, improving performance, adding features and extending the useful life of the pool they already own.
“A new pool can easily run north of 65 grand,” Moore said. “Now, a renovation gets you most of what people want — fresh surface, new tile, updated equipment, maybe even a sun shelf — for a fraction of that.”
That shift is helping drive renovation demand. Moore also points to higher mortgage rates as another factor, with some homeowners deciding that upgrading their current property makes more sense than making a move.
“People are choosing to stay in place, stay in their homes, and invest more money into renovations,” he said.
Today’s renovation projects can go well beyond replacing worn plaster. Homeowners are adding spas, sun shelves, tanning ledges, wider entry steps, water features, fountains and spillways. Older pools can also be upgraded with automation, LED lighting and variable-speed pumps that make ownership easier while reducing operating costs.
What homeowners want from a renovated pool has also evolved, Moore said, with greater emphasis on making the pool simpler and less expensive to operate.
“It used to be about looks. Now it’s convenience and ease of ownership,” he said. “Automation, variable-speed pumps that cut the power bill, LED lighting. People want the pool to be easy.”

When Cosmetic Wear Is More Than Cosmetic
Before considering those upgrades, however, homeowners need to understand what condition their existing pool is actually in.
After a full summer of use, fall provides a good opportunity to take stock.
Stained plaster is one of the most common signs Moore sees, along with calcium and waterline stains that no longer scrub away, cracked tile and damaged coping. Persistent cloudy water despite properly maintained chemistry can also point toward an aging interior surface.
One of the clearest signs that a pool needs more than routine maintenance is when brushing, cleaning and balancing the water no longer resolve the problems homeowners are seeing. Rough surfaces, peeling plaster, recurring leaks and persistent cracks can all point to issues that require a closer look.
“A lot of what looks cosmetic isn’t,” Moore explained. “Plaster isn’t paint. It’s a waterproofing layer. So cracked tile and coping let water get behind the shell and under your deck. If it involves a surface, a structure, or water going somewhere it shouldn’t, it’s not cosmetic.”
The distinction there is an important one because delaying necessary work can dramatically change the eventual cost of the repair.
“A small leak today doesn’t really wait for your cash timing,” Moore said. “If you have a crack or something, it only gets worse and more expensive.”
In some cases, he said, addressing a $15,000 problem early can prevent it from becoming a $30,000 problem later.

Fall Gives Pool Owners a Head Start
For projects that can reasonably wait until swim season ends, fall offers another major advantage: fewer homeowners are competing to have their pools finished immediately.
Waiting until spring means joining the crowd of pool owners who suddenly realize summer is approaching.
“If you’re the first in line to buy tickets to a great concert, you know you’re going to get the best seats,” he said.
For pool owners, getting in line early means having more flexibility when choosing a contractor and scheduling the work, rather than trying to secure a spot once the spring remodeling rush is already underway.
There can also be a financial advantage to getting a pool remodeling project underway before spring. Material, equipment and labor costs rarely remain static from one season to the next, and contractors may adjust pricing as new costs take effect heading into the busier part of the year. A renovation priced in the fall may not carry the same price tag several months later.
For homeowners who already know the pool needs work, waiting until spring can therefore mean competing for a spot on a busier schedule while potentially paying more for the same project.
Starting in the fall creates more breathing room to evaluate the project, select materials and get onto a contractor’s schedule before the seasonal rush begins.
“The last thing you really want to do is wait until spring because that’s when everybody else gets in line,” Moore said. “Then all of a sudden you have a big rush of people waiting before they’re ready to get in their pool.”
Weather and Pool Remodeling Still Matter
Fall scheduling isn’t unlimited, however, particularly when plaster is involved.
Temperature matters during application. Moore said plaster shouldn’t be installed once temperatures fall below approximately 50 degrees. The workable season can extend considerably longer climates, but there is still a window homeowners need to consider.
That makes early planning important even when the actual renovation won’t begin immediately.
The construction portion of many renovation projects can move relatively quickly. Moore said a typical build itself may take only one or two weeks. A newly plastered pool, however, requires approximately 28 to 30 days of careful brushing and water chemistry management afterward.
Starting during the cooler months means that process can be completed long before anyone is thinking about the first pool party of the year.
“Start in the fall or winter, and all that’s behind you before it gets warm,” Moore said.
Take an Honest Look at Your Pool
Homeowners don’t need to be pool professionals to perform a basic end-of-season inspection.
Moore recommends walking slowly around the pool and paying attention to the surface. Run a hand across the plaster and note areas that have become unusually rough. Examine the waterline tile and coping for cracks, gaps or loose material. Listen to pumps and other equipment while they’re operating.
Even the household water bill can offer clues.
“If it’s creeping up and nothing changed, there’s a good chance you’ve got a leak,” Moore said.
Hairline cracks, gradually increasing water consumption, and equipment that has become louder or runs longer than it once did are easy to overlook precisely because they don’t create an immediate emergency.
“None of them scream at you,” Moore said, “which is exactly why they get expensive.”
When budgets are limited, those underlying issues should take priority over visual upgrades.
“Health before beauty every time,” Moore said. “Surface, structure, leaks, equipment. I’ve seen people buy pretty tile while the slow leak undermines their deck. Fix the foundation first. The cosmetic upgrades will still be there next year.”
Picking the right contractor is equally important. A pool renovation can involve multiple phases, trades, and decisions, and homeowners should understand who will be managing the project, who their point of contact will be, and how issues will be handled along the way.
“Who you pick matters because the process is what you’ll remember,” Moore said.
More Time to Get the Details Right
Perhaps the most overlooked advantage of remodeling a pool in the fall has nothing to do with construction schedules, weather or even cost.
It’s time.
A spring renovation often begins with a deadline already hanging over it. Summer is coming. The family wants the pool open. Decisions about tile, plaster colors, equipment and features suddenly need to be made quickly because every additional week feels like another week lost from swim season.
Fall removes much of that pressure.
Instead of choosing materials simply because they’re available, homeowners have time to compare options. Equipment lead times become easier to accommodate. Weather delays aren’t necessarily catastrophic. Designs can evolve as homeowners get a better sense of what they actually want from their backyard.
Most importantly, there’s room to reconsider a decision before it becomes permanent.
“It gives you time to make good decisions,” Moore said. “Spring projects get compressed. Tile, colors, equipment — they’re all rushed.”
A swimming pool renovation is something a homeowner may live with for another decade or more. Taking a few extra weeks to decide between finishes, rethink a feature or change direction is a small price to pay for getting it right.
“You start in fall; you’ve got room for lead times, weather, and changing your mind,” Moore said. “Rushed decisions are how people end up with pools that they don’t love.”
Ready to take a deeper dive?
Want to hear more about what pool owners should consider before starting a renovation? Listen to our full conversation with Jeff Moore of Precision Pool Restoration on the Pool Magazine Podcast, where we discuss pool remodeling trends, common warning signs, project timing, budgeting, and how to plan for a successful pool renovation.
Photo Credits: Precision Pool Restoration
Pools
What Pool Chlorine Really Does to Your Body

Chlorine gets a bad wrap.
Dry skin. Red eyes. That harsh “pool smell” people complain about the second they walk into a backyard or indoor pool.
That story is common enough, but it doesn’t really hold water. Because when a pool is dialed in properly, chlorine isn’t the thing people notice. It’s only when the chemistry starts to slip that all those issues show up.
The truth sits right in the middle—and if you’re constantly around pools, understanding that nuance matters more than most people realize.
Because while chlorine is the backbone of modern pool sanitation, it’s also one of the most misunderstood chemicals when it comes to swimming pools.
And here’s the part most people don’t really get: it’s not just about chlorine itself—it’s what happens after it starts doing its job.
Chlorine Isn’t the Problem—Until It Becomes One
Let’s start here: properly balanced chlorine is not the enemy.
In fact, it’s the reason pools are even usable in the first place. It kills bacteria, neutralizes contaminants, and keeps water safe for human use. Health authorities consistently point out that when maintained within proper ranges, it’s not associated with harmful effects.
But chlorine doesn’t exist in a vacuum.
The second it hits organic matter—sweat, sunscreen, urine, body oils—it reacts. And that reaction creates a whole different class of compounds known as disinfection byproducts, most notably chloramines.
That’s where things start to get interesting.
That “Chlorine Smell”? That’s Actually the Problem
Here’s a quick reality check you can drop on any homeowner:
Think of your pool like a kitchen.
Free chlorine is your cleaning crew.
Chloramines are what happens when that crew gets overwhelmed and starts leaving behind dirty rags instead of actually cleaning.
Here’s what’s going on in plain English:
When your pool is “healthy,” chlorine is actively killing contaminants—sweat, sunscreen, body oils, urine, all the stuff people bring into the water. When chlorine does its job properly, it finishes the job and stays effective.
But when a pool is struggling, a few things usually happen:
- Not enough chlorine
- Poor circulation
- Dirty filter
- Heavy bather load
- High heat / sunlight burning chlorine off
Now the chlorine can’t keep up.
Instead of fully destroying contaminants, it only partially reacts with them—especially nitrogen-based stuff like sweat and urine.
That partial reaction creates chloramines.

And here’s the key:
Chloramines are basically used-up chlorine that’s now weak and smells bad
So the worse your pool condition gets, the more this cycle feeds itself:
- More contaminants enter the water
- Not enough strong chlorine to handle it
- More partial reactions happen
- More chloramines form
- Water gets cloudy, smells “chlorine-y” (ironically), and irritates eyes
- Now your chlorine is even less effective
It’s like your cleaning crew switching from disinfectant to just wiping things around with a dirty sponge.
That “strong chlorine smell” people talk about?
That’s not clean water—that’s chloramines building up.
What It Actually Does to the Body
Let’s break it down in real-world terms—the stuff people actually feel after swimming.

Skin: Dry, Tight, Irritated
Chlorine strips natural oils from the skin. That’s not a theory—it’s literally how it works as an oxidizer. The longer the exposure, the more moisture gets pulled out, leading to dryness, itching, and irritation.
For swimmers, that shows up as:
• Dry, flaky skin
• Redness or irritation
• Worsening of eczema or sensitive skin
For pool techs? Well, it’s why their hands look like they’ve been sanding drywall for 20 years.

Eyes: Burning, Red, and Watering
Again, not chlorine itself—chloramines.
When these compounds off-gas into the air (especially in indoor pools), they irritate the eyes and mucous membranes.
That classic “red eye” look after swimming? That’s a chemistry issue.

Lungs: The One Nobody Talks About Enough
This is where things get more serious.
Chloramines don’t just sit in the water—they gas off into the air above the pool surface. In poorly ventilated environments (think indoor facilities), that exposure can irritate the respiratory system.
We’re talking:
• Coughing
• Wheezing
• Chest tightness
• That “chlorine cough” you hear about
There’s also research linking repeated exposure—especially in competitive swimmers—to increased rates of asthma and airway irritation.
Now, is your average backyard swimmer at serious risk? No.
But for those working around this stuff every single day? That’s a different conversation.

Hair: Dry, Brittle… and Sometimes Green
The dryness comes from oxidation—same story as skin.
The green hair myth? That’s actually copper oxidation, not chlorine. But chlorine is what creates the conditions that allow it to happen.

Teeth: Yeah, Even That
Long-term exposure—especially in improperly balanced water—can contribute to enamel erosion and staining, sometimes referred to as “swimmer’s calculus.”
Not common for casual swimmers, but something you’ll see in high-frequency exposure scenarios.
The Bigger Picture: It’s About Byproducts, Not Chlorine
Here’s the takeaway most people miss:
Chlorine itself isn’t what causes most of the issues people complain about.
It’s the byproducts created when chlorine has to work too hard.
That’s why poorly maintained pools feel worse—even if they technically have chlorine in them.
And it’s also why a properly balanced pool with the right free chlorine, low combined chlorine, and good circulation feels completely different.
Having A Little Know-How Comes In Handy
Everything we just talked about? It’s controllable. Not eliminated—but managed. And the folks who understand this are the ones having the best swim experience.
Here’s what actually makes a difference:
• Keeping combined chlorine low (breakpoint chlorination matters)
• Proper circulation and filtration
• Encouraging pre-swim showers (huge, underrated)
• Ventilation in indoor environments
• Regular oxidation/shocking to eliminate chloramines
Fun fact: a massive percentage of swimmers skip showering before entering the pool—which means chlorine has to burn through more contaminants, creating more byproducts in the process.
So yeah… sometimes the problem isn’t with chemistry—it’s with swimmers.

The Core Chemistry Ranges To Target
Most people aren’t chasing perfection—they’re keeping water in a range where it behaves consistently. In a typical chlorine pool, that means maintaining free chlorine around 2–3 ppm, keeping pH in the 7.4 to 7.6 sweet spot, and holding total alkalinity between 80 and 120 ppm so the system stays stable. Calcium hardness generally lands between 200 and 400 ppm depending on the surface, while cyanuric acid sits around 30 to 50 ppm in most outdoor pools, sometimes higher in salt systems. Combined chlorine, or chloramines, should ideally be zero—anything over 0.5 ppm is a sign the pool is starting to struggle.
What Happens When the Water Falls Out of Balance
When chlorine drops too low, the water is no longer protected. It starts dull, turns cloudy, and eventually gives way to algae while chloramines begin to build. On the flip side, excessive chlorine usually shows up as irritation—burning eyes, dry skin, and unnecessary wear on liners and equipment.
pH is where most problems begin. When it falls too low, the water becomes aggressive, leading to corrosion and that sharp, uncomfortable feel swimmers notice right away. When pH climbs too high, chlorine loses effectiveness, which opens the door to cloudy water, scaling, and the slow buildup of problems that don’t resolve on their own.
Total alkalinity acts as the buffer for all of this. If it’s too low, pH becomes unpredictable and difficult to control. If it’s too high, pH tends to drift upward constantly, making the pool harder to manage over time.
Calcium hardness affects the pool surface more than anything. Low calcium creates “hungry” water that pulls minerals out of plaster, while high calcium leads to scale buildup on tile, heaters, and salt cells—often accompanied by cloudy water that refuses to clear.
Cyanuric acid is one of the most misunderstood factors. Without enough of it, chlorine gets burned off by sunlight almost as quickly as it’s added. With too much, chlorine becomes far less effective, creating situations where test results show adequate levels, but algae still appears.
Chloramines tie it all together. When they show up, it’s a clear signal that chlorine isn’t finishing its job. That’s when you get the strong smell, the irritation, and the sense that the water just isn’t right.
The Right Way To Think About It
At the end of the day, most people who are managing a pool’s chemistry aren’t looking at these numbers in isolation. Chlorine is the worker, pH determines how effective that worker is, cyanuric acid protects it from the sun, and alkalinity keeps the entire system from swinging out of control.
When those elements are in line, the pool runs clean and predictable. When they’re not, every visit turns into a problem-solving exercise.
Pools
Buying a Home With a Pool: Key Things Every Buyer Should Check First

Buying a home with a pool can almost feel like you hit the jackpot—until you realize that the swimming pool is its own ecosystem with its own set of rules, maintenance needs, and potential headaches. A backyard pool can absolutely elevate a property, but if you don’t know what you’re looking at, it can also turn into an expensive surprise. The key is understanding what to look for before you close, not after you’re already holding the keys.
You already called out some of the big visual red flags—loose tiles, green water, low levels, and structural cracks. Those are the obvious ones. But the real story usually lives just beneath the surface and over on the equipment pad.
Let’s walk through the top pool-related issues home buyers need to be aware of so you don’t inherit someone else’s problem project.
Structural Integrity Beyond the Obvious
Hairline cracks happen. That’s normal. But not all cracks are created equal. What you want to pay attention to are structural cracks—especially ones that run horizontally, widen over time, or show signs of movement.
Cracks in steps, benches, or along the bond beam (top edge of the pool) can indicate shifting soil, poor construction, or long-term neglect. If the pool is losing water and there are visible cracks, that’s a double whammy—now you’re talking structural repair plus leak detection.
Also look for signs of previous patchwork. If you see multiple areas that have been repaired or resurfaced inconsistently, that could mean ongoing issues rather than a one-time fix.

Pool Surface Condition (Plaster, Pebble, Vinyl, Fiberglass)
The interior finish tells you a lot about how the pool has been maintained. Plaster that feels rough, stained, or etched is usually the result of poor water chemistry over time. Pebble finishes should be uniform—if they look worn down or patchy, resurfacing could be on the horizon.
Vinyl liner pools have their own issues—wrinkles, fading, or brittleness are signs the liner is nearing the end of its life. Fiberglass pools should be smooth and glossy; dull or chalky finishes could indicate oxidation or improper care.
Resurfacing isn’t a minor expense, so this is one of those things you want to factor into your offer if it’s close.

Equipment Pad: The Heart of the System
One of the biggest mistakes people make when buying a home with a pool is that they forget to look at the pool equipment first. This often proves to be a costly error. The equipment pad is where you’ll find out if the system is dialed in or held together with duct tape and prayers.
Here’s what to inspect:
Pump: Listen for grinding or whining noises. That usually means worn bearings or a failing motor.
Filter: Check for leaks, rust, or cracks. Ask when it was last cleaned or replaced.
Heater: Look for corrosion, especially if the home is near the coast. Heaters are expensive to replace.
Chlorinator or Salt System: Salt cells have a limited lifespan. If it’s older, you may be replacing it soon.
Automation System: If there’s a control panel or app-based system, test it. Make sure it actually works.
A clean, organized equipment pad is usually a good sign. If it looks chaotic, poorly plumbed, or neglected, that tells you everything you need to know about how the pool has been cared for.

Circulation and Flow Issues
Even if the water looks okay during a showing, circulation problems can be hiding underneath. Poor circulation leads to algae growth, cloudy water, and inconsistent chemical distribution.
Watch for:
Weak return jets
Dead spots where debris collects
Air bubbles in the pump basket
Water not reaching skimmers properly
These can point to suction leaks, clogged lines, or undersized equipment. None of those are fun to deal with after the fact.

Signs of a Leak (Beyond Low Water Level)
Low water is one clue, but leaks don’t always present that clearly. Pools naturally lose some water to evaporation, especially in hot climates, so you need to dig deeper.
Look for:
Wet spots or sinking areas around the pool
Cracks in decking that seem to be shifting
Constant need to refill the pool
Air in the system (bubbles in returns)
A leak detection test might cost a few hundred bucks during escrow, but it can save you thousands if there’s an underground issue.

Decking and Drainage Problems
The area around the pool matters just as much as the pool itself. Poor drainage can lead to water pooling near the foundation or undermining the pool structure over time.
Watch for:
Uneven or lifting deck surfaces
Standing water after rain or heavy use
Cracks that run toward the pool
Deck material separating from the coping
This isn’t just cosmetic. Drainage issues can lead to bigger structural problems if left unchecked.

Coping and Tile Line Condition
The coping (the edge around the pool) and tile line take a beating from weather, chemicals, and constant water exposure. Loose coping stones or deteriorating grout can allow water to seep behind the shell, leading to bigger issues.
If tiles are falling off or the grout is crumbling, it’s usually a sign of long-term neglect rather than a quick fix situation.

Electrical and Safety Compliance
This is one area you don’t want to overlook. Pools involve electricity, water, and metal—bad combination if things aren’t up to code.
Make sure:
GFCI outlets are present and functional
Bonding wires are intact
Pool lights are working and properly sealed
There are no exposed or makeshift electrical connections
Older pools may not meet current code, and bringing them up to standard can cost real money.

Age and Remaining Life of Equipment
Everything on a pool has a lifespan. Pumps, heaters, filters, and salt cells don’t last forever. If the equipment is 8–12 years old or older, you should assume replacements are coming soon.
Ask for:
Installation dates
Service records
Any recent repairs or upgrades
If the seller doesn’t know, that’s already a signal.

Water Chemistry History
You can tell a lot about a pool just by testing the water. If levels are wildly off during a showing, that might mean the pool hasn’t been maintained properly.
Poor chemistry over time leads to:
Surface damage
Equipment wear
Algae growth
Scaling and staining
Even if it looks clean for the showing, bad habits tend to leave long-term damage.
Pool Size, Depth, and Usability
Not all pools are practical for every buyer. Some are too deep, too shallow, or oddly shaped for actual use.
Think about:
Is the depth appropriate for your family?
Is there usable space for lounging or playing?
Are steps and entries safe and accessible?
A pool that looks impressive but isn’t functional can become more of a burden than a benefit.
Permits and Compliance
Make sure the pool was built legally and permitted. Unpermitted pools can create issues with insurance, resale, and liability.
Also check:
Fencing requirements
Safety gates and alarms
Local compliance standards
You don’t want to inherit a compliance issue that becomes your problem.

What Sellers Should Be Providing to Smooth the Sale
When buying a home with a pool, one of the clearest signs of how well it’s been cared for is the documentation the seller can provide.
Pools make buyers nervous for a reason. Unknown condition, hidden issues, and lack of maintenance history can quickly turn a great backyard into a question mark. The more information a seller can provide, the easier it is to evaluate the pool with confidence.
Here’s what the seller should have ready:
Builder Information
Who built the pool? Was it a reputable company? If you’ve got original plans or documentation, that’s gold.
Service History
Provide records of regular maintenance. Show that the pool has been consistently cared for, not ignored until listing day.
Equipment Manuals
Buyers don’t want to inherit a system they can’t operate. Having manuals or even basic written instructions goes a long way.
Warranty Information
If any equipment is still under warranty, make that clear. Transferable warranties are a big plus.
Recent Repairs or Upgrades
Be transparent about what’s been done—new pump, resurfacing, tile work, etc. This builds trust and reduces negotiation friction.
Utility and Operating Costs
Give buyers a realistic idea of what it costs to run the pool monthly. This helps eliminate surprises.
Pool Service Contact
If you have a reliable service company, introduce them. Buyers love continuity, especially if they’re new to pool ownership.
Startup Instructions
A simple “how to run your pool” guide—timers, valves, cleaning schedule—can make a huge difference for a first-time pool owner.
Clean, Balanced Water
This sounds basic, but it matters. A clean, properly balanced pool during showings sends a strong signal that the pool has been maintained.
At the end of the day, buying a home with a pool isn’t just about the backyard lifestyle—it’s about inheriting a system. If that system is in good shape, you’re stepping into something awesome. If it’s not, you’re stepping into a project.
Do your homework, get a professional pool inspection during escrow, and treat the pool with the same level of scrutiny as the roof or foundation. Because when a pool goes sideways, it doesn’t mess around.
Does a Pool Add Resale Value?
Yes—but it depends on the market, the condition of the pool, and how well it’s maintained.
A 2025 study from Realtor.com found that homes with pools sold for a 54% premium—$599,000 versus $389,000 for homes without. While the so-called “pandemic pool premium” has cooled, pools still remain a strong selling point in many markets, especially in warmer climates.
“During the pandemic, people were looking for ways to get more enjoyment out of their homes, and this surge in demand for features like pools translated into a substantial ‘pool premium,’ where homes featuring a pool commanded significantly higher asking prices compared to their pool-less counterparts,” says real estate expert Hannah Jones.
That premium peaked in early 2022, but it hasn’t disappeared.
“Although price premiums have normalized, the presence of a pool continues to drive a premium and be a popular item to include in listings as a home or community feature,” Jones adds.
The catch? Condition matters.
In other words, buying a home with a pool can add value—but only if it’s been well maintained. Even an older pool with updated equipment can absolutely increase buyer appeal and help a home sell faster. But a neglected pool—green water, broken or outdated equipment, visible damage—can have the opposite effect, turning buyers off or becoming a negotiation point that drags the price down.
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